Prevalence of SPOP gene mutation varies depending on cancer types. It is common in prostate cancer and endometrial cancer, and rare in breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, and acute leukemias.

The levels of SPOP significantly decreased, while the levels of SIRT2 significantly increased in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, compared to normal bronchial epithelial cell line and NSCLC specimens, compared to the paired non-tumor lung tissue.

SPOP inhibits NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) activity and its target genes expression via FADD in non-small cell lung cancer

SPOP inhibited non-small cell lung cancer tumourigenesis through ubiquitinating and destabilizing GLI2 and GLI3.SPOP expression is decreased in the non-small cell lung cancer and negative correlated with patient survival.MiR-520b suppressed SPOP expression through direct targeting its 3'-UTR region.