Insulinoma-Associated Protein 1 is a crucial regulator of neuroendocrine differentiation in lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer tissues were strongly positive for INSM1. INSM1 signal was not detected on normal adjacent tissues from lung cancer patients or normal lung tissues

High INSM1 expression is associated with small-cell lung cancer.

Insulinoma-associated 1 (INSM1) gene is intronless and encodes a protein containing both a zinc finger DNA-binding domain and a putative prohormone domain. This gene is a sensitive marker for neuroendocrine differentiation of human lung tumors.

INSM1 functions as a key player in neuroendocrine lung cancer via sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling that crosstalk with PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK(1/2) pathway to enhance N-myc stability in neuroendocrine lung cancer.

INSM1 is highly expressed in small-cell lung carcinomas.

The sensitivity of INSM1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was 97% (36 of 37 cases) whereas the sensitivity of INSM1 immunocytochemistry (ICC) was 91% (30 of 33 cases) for the diagnosis of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). All cases of non-small cell lung carcinoma were negative for INSM1 (100% specificity). INSM1 appears to be a robust and reliable ICC marker for the confirmation of SCLC diagnosis on cytology smears.

INSM1 is a novel diagnostic marker for small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and is useful in both bronchial brushing and pleural effusion cytology specimens. Because INSM1 generally is expressed in <10% of tumor cells in adenocarcinomas, determining an accurate cutoff value for INSM1 is important in the diagnosis of SCLC.

Insulinoma-associated Protein 1 (INSM1) Is a Better Marker for the Diagnosis and Prognosis Estimation of Small Cell lung Carcinoma Than Neuroendocrine Phenotype Markers Such as Chromogranin A, Synaptophysin, and CD56.

Insulinoma-associated protein 1 is a prognostic biomarker in pulmonary high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma.